Gravel & Aggregate Calculator

About the Gravel & Aggregate Calculator

Gravel and crushed aggregate are used in almost every construction and landscaping project — from driveway bases and drainage layers to decorative walkways and French drains. Ordering the right amount is essential because gravel is heavy and expensive to deliver. This calculator takes your project area and desired depth, then converts those measurements into cubic yards and tons so you can order precisely.

Different gravel types have different densities. Pea gravel, crushed limestone, river rock, and recycled concrete all weigh different amounts per cubic yard. This calculator lets you adjust the density to match your specific material, ensuring your tonnage estimate is accurate.

Whether you're a contractor quoting a base course installation or a homeowner covering a garden path, this calculator eliminates guesswork and helps you get the right amount on the first delivery.

When This Page Helps

Gravel is sold by either the cubic yard or the ton, and prices vary by type and source. Getting your volume and weight right means you pay only for what you need. This calculator also helps you compare different materials by adjusting the density, so you can see how switching from pea gravel to crushed limestone changes the tonnage and potentially the cost.

How to Use the Inputs

1. Measure the project area in square feet (length × width).
2. Enter the desired gravel depth in inches.
3. Set the material density (1.4 tons/yd³ is standard for most gravel).
4. Review the volume in cubic yards and weight in tons.
5. Adjust for waste or compaction if needed.
6. Use the truck load count to plan deliveries.

Example Calculation

Tips & Best Practices

• Driveway bases typically need 4–6 inches of compacted gravel.
• Decorative paths need 2–3 inches of surface gravel over a base layer.
• Compact gravel bases with a plate compactor for best stability.
• Order 10–15% extra to account for compaction and spreading losses.
• Use geotextile fabric under gravel to prevent it from mixing with the subsoil.
• Larger aggregate (#57 stone) allows better drainage than fine gravel.

Types of Gravel and Their Uses

Gravel comes in many sizes, from fine screenings to large riprap. #57 stone (3/4 inch) is the go-to for driveways and general fill. Pea gravel works well for walkways and drainage. Larger stone (#2, #3) is used for base layers and erosion control. Each type has a slightly different density, so choose accordingly.

Calculating Gravel for Irregular Areas

For non-rectangular areas, break the space into simple shapes (rectangles, triangles, circles), calculate each separately, then add the volumes. For curved paths, use the average width and total length.

Gravel Base Requirements

Most hardscape projects require a compacted gravel base. Driveways need 4–6 inches, patios 4 inches, and walkways 2–4 inches. The base provides drainage, distributes loads, and prevents settling. Always compact in lifts for best results.

Delivery and Spreading Tips

Have your delivery dumped as close to the work area as possible to minimize wheelbarrow trips. A cubic yard of gravel weighs about 2,800 lbs, so plan accordingly. Spread with a rake and finish with a plate compactor for a firm, level surface.

Frequently Asked Questions

• How much does gravel weigh per cubic yard?

  Most gravel weighs 1.3–1.5 tons per cubic yard. Pea gravel is about 1.35 tons/yd³, crushed limestone 1.4–1.5 tons/yd³, and river rock 1.3–1.5 tons/yd³ depending on size and moisture.

• How deep should I put gravel for a driveway?

  A residential gravel driveway needs 4–6 inches of compacted gravel on a prepared subgrade. Use larger base stone (#2 or #3) for the bottom layer and finish with smaller surface stone (#57 or #8).

• What is the cheapest gravel option?

  Crushed concrete and recycled asphalt are typically the cheapest options at $10–$25 per ton. Natural gravel runs $15–$35 per ton, while decorative stone can cost $40–$100+ per ton.

• How many cubic yards fit in a dump truck?

  A single-axle dump truck holds 10–12 CY, a tandem holds 14–16 CY, and a tri-axle holds 16–20 CY. For heavy gravel, weight limits may restrict loads to less than full volume capacity.

• Do I need to compact gravel?

  Yes, compaction is critical for driveways, parking areas, and base courses. Use a plate compactor or roller and compact in 2–3 inch lifts. Compaction increases density by 10–15%, so order extra material.

• What size gravel should I use?

  #57 stone (3/4 inch) is the most popular all-purpose gravel. Use #2 stone (2–3 inch) for base layers, pea gravel (3/8 inch) for walkways, and #8 stone (3/8 inch) for drainage applications.

• Can gravel be used as a base for pavers?

  Yes, compacted #57 or #2 gravel makes an excellent base for pavers. Typical paver base is 4–6 inches of compacted gravel topped with 1 inch of leveling sand.

• How do I keep gravel from spreading?

  Use edging materials like steel, aluminum, or plastic landscape edging along borders. For driveways, consider grid stabilization systems that hold gravel in place. Proper compaction also helps prevent migration.